What is the cause of the transformer overheating?
Time：2024-11-16 Auther：ZTelec-www.ztelectransformer.com
Transformers rely on circulating air and other internal components like insulation and windings to prevent the transformer from overheating. Overheating occurs when the transformer generates more heat than anticipated — sometimes due to higher loads — dissipates it slower than expected — such as in cases with insufficient airflow — or some combination of the two. Without the proper cooling measures or when used for the wrong application, any transformer design can overheat, become unsafe and eventually combust.
Dry type rectifier transformer
What is the cause of the transformer overheating?
Magnetic flux density is too high: When the magnetic flux density of the transformer is too high, it will lead to excessive iron core load, resulting in excessive iron loss and eddy current loss, which makes the transformer heating increase. This is usually related to the design of the transformers, such as the unreasonable structure and size of the core or the improper control of the magnetic flux density.
Poor contact with the core winding: If the transformer core winding contact is poor, it will lead to increased iron loss, and then cause the heating problem. Poor contact may be caused by negligence in manufacturing, installation or maintenance, such as poor welding, joint oxidation or loosening, etc.
Aging of insulation materials: With the growth of use time, insulation materials of transformers will gradually age, leading to a decline in insulation performance, and then lead to heating accidents. Aging insulation materials may not be able to effectively isolate the current, resulting in an increase in leakage current, which increases the temperature of the transformer.
Poor heat dissipation: If the heat dissipation measures of the transformer are improper, such as the damage or improper installation of air-cooled and oil-cooled equipment, the transformer may overheat. When designing and installing a transformer, it is necessary to consider effective heat dissipation and ventilation measures to ensure that the transformer can dissipate heat normally.
Short circuit and overload: When a short circuit occurs, the current in the line will increase sharply, resulting in an increase in heat and a sharp rise in the temperature of the transformer. In addition, if the load of the line or equipment exceeds the rated value and continuous use time is too long, it may also cause overheating. This is related to the design of the circuit and the actual running state.
Harmonic effect: When there is a large harmonic source in the transformer load or line, the transformer temperature will increase significantly. Harmonics will distort the current waveform and increase the loss and heating of the transformer.
External factors: If the transformer is exposed to high humidity for a long time, the insulation material will absorb moisture and the insulation performance will decrease, which will increase the risk of heating. In addition, when the transformer is exposed to direct sunlight or the ambient temperature is too high (more than 40 degrees Celsius), it will also lead to serious heating.
For the problem of transformer overheating, the following measures can be taken to solve it:
· Optimize the transformer design, rationally arrange the structure and size of the iron core, and control the magnetic flux density.
· Strengthen quality control during manufacturing, installation and maintenance to ensure good core winding contact.
· Check the condition of insulation materials regularly and replace aging insulation materials in time.
· Strengthen heat dissipation and ventilation measures to ensure normal heat dissipation of the transformer.
· Design the circuit reasonably to avoid short circuit and overload.
· Suppress harmonics entering the transformer, such as installing harmonic filters and other equipment.
· Improve the operating environment of the transformer, such as reducing the humidity and temperature of the surrounding environment.
